Gear cutting machine



zmsml ass. 24, 1935., s. wjAvls GEAR CUTTING MACHINE ll Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 16, 1931 fizzlenior Wz'iizex Chas. I: Olson v 24, 193; s. w. AVIS v 9 3 GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 16, 1931 ll Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor" Wmw Fig. 2

Chasl Olson 4, 1935, v S w A ,2,@25,35

' GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov 16, 1931 11 Sheets-Sheet s 238 v I 2 V v 546 28 l j] 1 v frzz/em'far Wiiness Fig.3 M ChaxTOZsan 24, 1193s. mzwss s. W. Avis GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 16, 1931 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 WL' mess FL}. 4 [n mentor ChmIOlion MM W Dec. 24, 11935, 1 s. W. AVKS I 2@25@35 GEAR CUTTING MACHINE I Filed 'Nov. 16, 1931 I 11 Shets-Sheet 5 4 2 23a 1 DJ Luigi: J 4 1 216 119%? 1 213 202 214 Inventor mines 51 1 $19 Chas]? Olson Dean 24, E35 5. W. AVIS I GEAR CUTTING MACHINE zmsms File d Nov. 16, 1931 ll Sheets-Sheet 7 [rweniar WL'iiLess Chas. I Olson Dec. 24,1935. s, w. Avis 2,025,035

GEAR CUTTING MACHINE FiledNov. 16, 1951 11 Sheets-Sheet 9 w n32 gfn uenior MWJM. 'WL $77 255 5 UhaxTOLson Mag i540 548 A a 536 534 I 552 L Q j t ogm 544 552 v if %0T GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Filed Nov; 16, 1951 11 Sheets-Sheet 11 Patented Dec. 24, 1935 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE GEAR CUTTING MACHINE Application November 18, 1931, Serial No. 575,232

37 Claims.

The invention relates to gear cutting machines, and is herein disclosed as embodied in a machine of the general type employing a gear shaped planing cutter and a work spindle which are given relative reciprocatory movements to impart a translatory cutting movement to the cutter across the face of a circular gear blank supported on the spindle, and relative rotational movements to maintain a substantially equal peripheral 10 speed: between the cutter and the gear blank at the point of cutting contact, and are relatively movable laterally of the reciprocatory cutting movement to impart the required relative feeding and relieving movements to the cutter and 15 the gear blank.

The machine herein illustrated and described as embodying the several features of the present invention, is intended as an improvement on the machine shown and described in the inventors ggcopending application Serial No. 546,231, filed June-23, 1931.

One feature of the present invention contemplates the provision of a novel and improved mechanism for imparting the feeding and regilieving movements to the work support, which will be sturdy in construction and accurate in operation.

When for any reason. it is found necessary to move the work support away from or toward the 30'ficutter of a machine of the type to which the present invention relates, the parts must be returned by the operator to the exact operating positions previously occupied, and it is desirable that this be done with a minimum loss of time.

35" Another feature of the inventiontherefore contemplates the provision of mechanism for enabling the operator to shift the work support and restore it to its correct working position with exactness and rapidity.

40 Certainother features of the invention relate to'improvements in the fluid pressure control system with a view to simplifying and improving the construction and arrangement of the'parts, and enabling the operator more readily to control the 45 operation of the machine.

Other features of the invention consist in the devices, combinations and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed, which together with the advantages to be obtained thereby 5o=will be readily understood by one skilled in the art from the following description taken in con nection with the accompanying drawings; which illustrate a machine embodying the several featuresi'ofuthe'invention in their preferred forin'and 53 in which Fig. 1 is 'a front View of the machine;

Fig. 2 is a view in right side elevation of the machine; Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the machine looking from the left, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a sectional plan View taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a plan view partly 5" in section and with parts broken away to show underlying parts, taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a detail View, looking from the rear, of the take-off or change speed gear mechanism for determining the relative rotational speed of the cutter and work support; Fig. 7 is a view taken on the line l'! of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a detail view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 6; Fig. 9 is a detail view partly in section of the timing mechanism on a large'scale; Fig. 10 is a detail View partly in section of the clutch mechanism through which the work support is driven at a relatively high speed; Fig. 11 a view taken on the line I l-H of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a detail view partly in' section of the feeding and relieving mechanisms on a large scale; Fig. 13 is a view taken on the line l3-l3 of Fig. 12 Fig. 14 is a detail sectional View taken on the line I' l-Hi of Fig. 12; Fig. 15'is a detail View of the relieving rack; Fig. 16 is a view in side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 15; Fig. 17 is a detail of construction taken on the line l'l-IT of Fig. 16; Fig. 18 is a detail view of the fly wheel and brake mechanism; Fig. 19 is a sectional view taken on the line l9-! 9 of Fig. 18; Fig. 20 is a somewhat diagrammatic view showing the various hydraulic connections controlling the operation of the machine; Fig. 21 is a detail view in front elevation of the valve mechanism for starting and stopping the machine; Fig. 22 is a sectional view taken on the line 22-22 of Fig. 21; Fig. 23 is' a sectional view taken on the line 23-23 of Fig. 21; Fig. 24 is a sectional view taken on the line 24-24 of Fig. 21; Fig-25 is a detail sectional View taken on the line 25-25 of Fig. 21, showing particularly the feed regulating valve; and Figs. 26 to 33 inclusive are detail sectional views of the valve mechanism taken on corresponding lines of- Figs. 22, 23 and 24.

In the machine herein disclosed as embodying in a preferred form the several features of the present invention, the cutter spindle is mounted for vertical reciprocatory and rotary movements in fixed bearings in the machine frame as in the machine of the application hereinbefore referred to, and cooperates as in said machine with a work spindle mounted for rotary movements on a support'or apron which is moved about a fixed pivot to impart the required feeding and relieving movements to the gear blank with relation to the reciprocating cutter.

In order to provide a sturdy and dependable mechanism which will operate with a high degree of accuracy and certainty to impart the required feeding and relieving movements to the work support and gear blank mounted thereon, the present construction includes a rotatable feed shaft and connections to the work support including a worm and worm gear. The feed shaft is rotated to impart the required feeding movements to the work support and gear blank mounted thereon by an auxiliary feed shaft which is driven by hydraulic pressure and is controlled by means of a dial mechanism similar to that disclosed in said application, to cause preliminary cuts of intermediate depth to be made around the entire circumference of the gear blank and finally to feed the work into a predetermined depth for the final or finishing cut. Clutch connections are provided to enable the operator manually to adjust the dial mechanism in relation to the hydraulic drive "means of a cam actuated rack engaging with an external gear on the sleeve.

As in the machine of the inventors copending application above referred to, the present machine is provided with a fluid pressure control system for starting and stopping the machine and for feeding the work into depth. With the present construction, the application of the hydraulic system has been extended to reduce so far as possible the number of mechanical parts and to provide a more compact and eflicient mechanism.

For starting and stopping the machine, two separate hydraulically operated pistons are provided which are actuated simultaneously upon open- "brake to be set to stop the machine.

For feeding the work into depth, a feed rack is provided as in the machine of the application, which is actuated by means of a piston sliding in a pressure chamber, and connections from the pump including a needle valve adjustable to determine the rate of feed. The work is fedinwardly during the rotation of the cutter and work blankuntil the feed is arrested by the engagement of a preliminary stop lever with a corre sponding abutment carried by one of the dials forming a part of the feed stopping mechanism, and the cutting operation is then carried from this point entirely around the gear blank to finish the preliminary out. Also as in the machine of the application, a timing mechanism is provided to remove the preliminary stop lever out of engagement with the abutment on the corresponding preliminary stop" dial, and permit the continued feed of the work after the completion of the preliminary out. In the present construction, the timing cam is arranged to open a hydraulic valve, causing liquid under pressure to be sup plied to a pressure cylinder arranged to trip the preliminary stop. After the work has been final- 1y fed into depth and the cutting operation has The threaded sleeve member is osbeen carried again completely around the blank to finish the forming of the gear, liquid under pressure is supplied through the action of the timing mechanism and valve above described to a pressure chamber to cause the starting valve to move to closed position to stop the'machine.

Referring to the drawings, the gear cutting machine herein disclosed as embodying in a preferred form the several features of the present invention comprises a rotatable cutter spindle 20 vertically mounted in the machine frame 22 and provided at its lower end with a gear-shaped planing cutter 24, A rotatable'work spindle 26 for supporting a circular gear blank 28 is mounted to cooperate with the cutter in a support 30 which is arranged to swing laterally about a fixed pivot which comprises the bearings 32 and 34 arranged to receive corresponding axle posts or trunnions 35 and 38 formed on the support 38. The support 30 has formed on its under side a bearing surface 48 which engages at all times with the corresponding arcuate way 42 formed in the base of the machine. The work support 30 is moved about its pivot to impart feeding movements to the work into engagement with the cutter, and is also actuated in timed relation to the reciprocating stroke of the cutter to impart relieving movements to the work.

The driving mechanism from which power is supplied for imparting relative rotational movements to the cutter and work spindle to maintain a substantially equal peripheral speed at the point of cutting contact, for imparting the vertical reciprocatory cutting movements to the cutter and the cutter spindle, and for moving the support 30 about its pivot to impart the required feeding and relieving movements to the work blank, comprises a pulley .44 which is formed on one end of a sleeve 45 journaled in bearings 48 in the machine and continuously driven from a motor 41 in the base of the machine by means of a belt 50. J ournaled within the sleeve and arranged to turn independently thereof is a driving shaft 52 which carries a multiple disk clutch member 54 keyed.

to turn with the shaft and slidable lengthwise thereof to bring the clutch disks into engagement with the corresponding clutch disks 56 formed within the base of the pulley 44.

The connections for moving the clutch member 54 into and out of operative engagement with the pulley 44 for starting and stopping the machine, (see Figs. 4 and 20) comprise a clutch actuating lever 58 which is pivoted at 60 to the machine frame, and at its upper end is provided with a yoke 82 which is pivotally connected to a band or ring 64 mounted to turn in a corresponding groove formed on the movable clutch member54. A tension spring 68 stretched between the lower end of the clutch lever 58 and a point on the machine frame tends to maintain the clutch normally in its open or disconnected position. The clutch lever 58 is moved about its pivot 60 against the pressure of its spring 68 to throw the machine into operation by means of a piston 10 arranged to slide in a liquid pressure cylinder 12 to whichliquid under pressure is supplied from the hydraulic control system for the machine hereinafter to be described. The piston 10 is provided with a stem 14 which extends' outwardly through the end of the chamber, and is connected to move the lever 58 through a resilient link connection comprising a. shaft 16 compression spring coiled about the shaft 16 between a collar 82 secured. thereto and an abutting shoulder on the sleeve 18, tends to maintain the link connection in its extended position. A nut 84 screw threaded to the end of the shaft 16 engages with the end of the sleeve 18 to limit the rearward movement of the shaft '56 and piston 10 under the pressure of the spring 86. As liquid is supplied under pressure from the hydraulic control system upon opening the starting valve, the piston 10 is advanced causing the clutch lever 58 to be moved about its pivot under the influence of the relatively heavy springs 80 against the pressure of the spring 58 to close the clutch and to hold it in closed position under a constant spring pressure.

Vertical reciprocatory movements are imparted to the cutter spindle 20 and cutter 24 from the driving shaft 52 through connections which comprise a flywheel 86 (see Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5) secured on a shaft 88 mounted in a parallel relationship to and beneath the driving shaft 52. The connections from the flywheel 86 for actuating the spindle comprise a slide mounted for vertical movement in ways 92 in the machine and journaled to receive the cutter spindle 20 which is permitted to turn freely with relation to the slide, but is prevented from endwise movement relatively thereto by means or" the bearing members 94 and 96 secured to the cutter spindle 20 respectively at each end of the slide 90. A rack 98 formed in the slide 90 engages with a corresponding gear segment I00 which is rigidly secured to one end of a rock shaft I02 extending horizontally across the machine. The rock shaft is given a reciprocatory movement to advance and retract the cutter, from the flywheel 86, through connections which include a link I04 secured at its upper end to a short lever arm I06 on the rock shaft I02 and at its lower end pivotally secured to a crank pin I08 on the flywheel 86. In order to permit a ready adjustment of the amplitude of the cutter stroke, the crank pin I08 is carried on a slide III! which may be moved toward or away from the center of the flywheel along ways H2 by means of a screw threaded member II4 extending diametrically across the face of the flywheel. The screwthreaded member H4 is journaled in a flange or ring H5 which is secured in a corresponding recess formed in the face of the flywheel. For adjusting the position of the crank pin I08, the screw-threaded member H4 is provided at each end with worm wheels H6 which engage with corresponding worms H1 journaled at right angles thereto in the ring I I5, and provided each with a squared end to receive an adjusting crank handle. These worm and worm wheel connections being irreversible, serve also to lock the member H4 and slide H0 in adjusted position during the operation of the machine.

In order to permit an adjustment of the speed of reciprocation of the cutter in accordance with the requirements of the work, a set of change speed gears is provided for driving the fly wheel shaft 88 at different rates of speed from the constant speed driving shaft 52. These gears as best shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, comprise the gears H8 and H9 fixed to the driving shaft 52 arranged to engage with corresponding gears I20 and I22 formed on a sleeve I24 which is keyed to turn with the flywheel shaft 88, and the gears I 26 and I28 secured to the driving shaft which are arranged to engage with the corresponding gears I30 and I32 formed on a sleeve I 46 loosely mounted to turn on a shaft I48. A

bevel gear I50 secured at one end of the drum I46 is arranged to engage with a corresponding bevel gear I52 on a forwardly extending control shaft I54 which is connected at its forward end through gears I55 and I56 to a short crank shaft I51 provided with a manually operable control lever I58 to enable the operator quickly and accurately to secure the required adjustment of the speed of reciprocation of the cutter.

In order to bring the machine to a quick stop after the clutch member 54 has been thrown out to stop the machine, a braking mechanism is provided which acts automatically on disconnecting the driving clutch to arrest the continued rotation of the flywheel 86 within as short a compass as possible. This mechanism as shown in Figs. l8, l9 and 20, comprises a brake band I62 which extends around the periphery of the flywheel 86 and is supported intermediate its length at a point directly above the axis of the flywheel by means of a block I64 which is mounted for a slight vertical movement on a pin I66 secured to the machine frame, and is normally held in its raised position by the engagement of two compression springs I68 seated in recesses in the block. In order to exert a braking tension on the band, a rod I10 is mounted to slide in a lug I12 secured to one of the adjacent ends of the band, and is pivotally connected to a lug I14 secured on'the other adjacent end of the band. A compression spring I16 coiled about the rod I10 between the lug I12 and a flange I18 on the rod I10 tends to draw the two ends of the band together to apply the required braking force. The mechanism for controlling the operation of the brake comprises two sets of toggle links I80 which are connected at their free ends respectively to the lugs I12 and I14, so that the movement of the central pivot I82 to straighten the toggle will cause a separation of the ends of the brake band I62 against the pressure of the spring I16 to release the brake, while a movement of the central pivot I82 to break the toggle will by allowing the two ends of the band to be brought together under the pressure of the spring I16v act to set the brake.

The toggle links I80 are straightened upon starting the machine to release the brake, and are then broken upon disengaging the driving clutch to stop the machine through connections comprising a piston I 84 which is mounted to slide in a pressure chamber I86, and is provided with a stem I88 which extends upwardly through the cylinder casing and is connected by a link I90 with the central pivot I 82 of the toggle links I 80. A compression spring I82 coiled about the stem I88 and bearing at one end against the piston I84 and at its other end against the cylinder head, tends to hold the piston in a depressed position with the toggle broken to set the brake. When the main control valve is opened by the operator to start the machine as hereinafter described, liquid is introduced under pressure into the pressure cylinder I86 to raise the piston and straighten the toggle links I80 against the pressure of the compression springs I15 and I92. As the liquid pressure is cut off by the actuation of the control valve to stop the machine, the spring I92 acts to return'the piston to its low position, breaking the toggle and allowing the brake to be set through the action of the spring I16.

Rotational movements are imparted. to the '5 work spindle and to the cutter spindle through connections driven by the main driving shaft 52, comprising a stub shaft I94 (see Fig. 4) which carries at one end a gear I96 permanently meshing with the gear I26 on the driving shaft, and at itsother end is provided with a worm I98 to' engage a corresponding worm gear 288 on a stub shaft 202. A gear 284 (see Figs. 5, 6 and 7) mounted on the stub shaft 202 engages with an idler gear 206 which is arranged to engage with.

16 T a gear 2 I0 secured to a stub shaft 2 which also carries a change speed or take-01f gear 2|2 arranged to mesh with an idler gear 2|6 which in turn meshes with a corresponding change speed or take-off gear 2l1 on the drive shaft 2l8 for 20:rotating the cutter spindle. In order to permit the substitution of gears having the necessary ratio of diameters on the stub shaft 2 and on the drive shaft 2l8 to produce the desired speed of rotation of the cutter and work spindle, the

-supporting spindle 2H! for the idler gear 2l6 is adjustably clamped in a slot 220' formed in a bracket 22! which is pivoted at 222 to the machine frame, and is held adjustably in position by means of a-clamping nut 223 extending through 'a slot 224 in the bracket 22!.

The cutter spindle is driven from the drive shaft 2 l8 as best shown in Figs. 2 and 5, through a shaft 225 abutting the end of the drive shaft 2l8 and connected to turn therewith through a u mechanism which is arranged to permit an angular adjustment of the shaft 225 with relation to the drive shaft 2l8 by the operator to adjust the angular position of the cutter with relation to the gear blank. The shaft 225 carries a worm 226 which meshes with a corresponding worm gear 221 formed on the lower end of a sleeve 228 keyed .to turn with the'vertically reciprocating cutter spindle 20.

The mechanism for adjusting the angular position of the cutter spindle with relation to its driving mechanism and the gear blank is similar to the corresponding mechanism of the machine of applicant's prior application, and comprises a :1 spider 229 loosely mounted to turn on the end of the shaft 225, and two bell-shaped members 230 and 23l overlying the spider and secured respectively to the drive shaft 2 l8 and to the abutting shaft 225. A pinion 232 mounte d on the spider -is arranged to engage with each of two internal gears formed respectively on the members 230 and 23!, and having a slightly different number of teeth, sothat movement of the pinion relatively thereto will act tocause a slight angular movethe spider and engaging a braking surface on the bell-shaped member 23| tends to hold the spider and pinion 232 normally against any movement with relation to the two shafts. Adjustment of this mechanism may be readily effected from the front of the machine by means of a hand wheel 234 secured to the forward end of a shaft 235 which carries at its rear end a gear 236 arranged to engage with a corresponding gear 231 formed on the spider and extending outwardly between V the two bell-shaped members 230 and 23!. The

' hand wheel 234 and the shaft 235 may be'moved .75" endwise to bring the two gears 236 and 231 into ment of the shaft 225 with relation to the shaft 2l8. A spring-pressed plunger 233 .mounted in and out of operative relationship for effecting this adjustment.

The work supporting spindle 26 is driven from "a driving shaft 238 (see Figs. 3, 6 and 8) which is located parallel to and beneath the cutter driv- 5 ing shaft 2l8, through .a set of take-off indexing gears which are selected to obtain the required speed of rotation of the work spindle relatively to the cutter in accordance with the requirements of the work to maintain a substantially equal pe- 10' ripheral speed at. the point of contact. A takeoff gear 248 mounted on the cutter driving shaft 2| 8 adjacent the gear M6 is arranged to mesh with one of two take-off gears 242 and 244 on a stub shaft 246, the other of said gears being ar- 15 ranged to mesh with a gear 250 on the drive shaft 238 for imparting rotary movements to the work spindle. In order to permit an adjustment of the position of the stub shaft 246 in accordance with the size of take-off gears employed to pro- 20 for instance would be required in the cutting of 30 an internal gear, the gear 2|6 may be removed and appropriate change gears 2 l2 and 2| 1 may be provided directly connecting the shaft 2 to drive the cutter shaft 2l8 in areverse direction from that shown in Fig. 6. Since this reversal in 3 the direction of rotation of the cutter driving shaft 2 l8 would act also to reverse the direction of drive of the work shaft 238, mechanism is provided for reversing the direction of drive of the work shaft 238 with relation to the cutter drive 49 shaft 2l8, which mechanism comprises an idler gear 259 arranged when rendered operative to engage with and'rotate the gear 250 in an opposite direction from the gear 244. The idler gear 259 shown in an inoperative position in Fig. 6, is 45 mounted for adjustment on a, bearing block 268 adjustably secured'to a bracket 262 which is pivoted at 264 on the machine, and is clamped adjustably in position by means of a clamping mem ber 266 extending through a slot' 268 in the brack- The drive shaft 238 is provided at its forward end with a worm 210 (see Figs. 3 an which meshes with a corresponding worm gear 212 I loosely sleeved on a vertical drive shaft 214 which extends downwardly through the pivot of the work support 30, and at its lower end is provided with a spur gear 216 arranged to mesh with one of two corresponding spur gears 218 and 286 which are secured to turn as a unit on a stub shaft 282 mounted on the work support and form the compensating idler through which, the work spindle is driven. The other of said spur gears meshes with a corresponding spur gear 284 I on thelower end of the work spindle. The spur gears 216, 218, 288 and 284 are formed slightly conical or tapering in shape in order to providefor a convenient adjustment to take up wear as hereinafter described. 70

With the present construction, mechanism under the control of the operator is provided as best shown in Figs. 3, 4, 10 and 11, to enable the vertical drive shaft 214 to be driven from the horizontal drive shaft 238 alternatively at the g5 normal or at a much faster rate so that the operator may conveniently and rapidly test the concentricity of the work arbor and of the gear blank in. Setting up the machine. An indicator mechanism of any ordinary construction (not shown) may be utilized for this purpose. The mechanism for driving the work spindle at a rapid rate comprises a horizontal shaft 286 which is driven from the horizontal drive shaft 233 through the gears 288 and 290, and at its forward end is provided with a bevel gear 292 arranged to mesh with a corresponding bevel gear 294 on a sleeve 296 overlying and rigidly secured to turn with a sleeve 298 which is loosely mounted on the vertical drive shaft 214. The shaft 214 is driven alternatively at the normal rate through'the worm gear 212 or at a rapid rate from the sleeve 298 through a sliding clutch member 300 keyed to the drive shaft 214, and movable lengthwise alternatively into clutching engagement with the worm gear 212 or the sleeve 298.

The position of the clutch member 300 is controlled by means of a manually operable lever 302 (see Figs. 10 and 11) secured to a rock shaft 304 which also carries one arm 306 of a toggle connection, the other arm 308 being connected to a lever 3l0 formed on the hub of a shifting yoke 312 pivoted on a shaft 314. A compression spring 3l6 coiled about the drive shaft 214 between a shoulder 318 and the upper end of the clutch member 300 tends to hold the clutch member in a depressed position in driving engagement with the worm gear 212 to drive the work spindle at the normal rate. The movement of the manually operable lever 302 to the right, as shown in Fig. 10, operates to straighten the toggle connection to raise the clutch member 300 against the pressure of the spring 316 and lock the clutch member in engagement with the rapidly rotating sleeve 298 as the toggle passes its center position.

During the testing of the work arbor and gear blank for concentricity, the control lever I58 may be placed in neutral position by the operator to disconnect the fly wheel 86 from the drive shaft 52 to arrest the reciprocation of the cutter and the relieving movements normally imparted to the work support.

In order to permit an adjustment to be readily made in the driving connections between the vertical drive shaft 214 and the work spindle 26 to take up any wear on the parts and maintain tight driving connections between the spur gears 218 and 280 and the corresponding gears 216 and 284 meshing therewith, the gears 218 and 280 are mounted for vertical adjustment on the stub shaft 282. The spur gear 218 is formed on a sleeve which is positioned vertically on the stub shaft 282 between two shims which are inserted between the ends of the sleeve and a fixed bearing 320 at the lower end of the stub shaft, and a bearing 322 screw-threaded for lengthwise adjustment in the work support at the upper end of the stub shaft 282. The spur gear 280 is keyed to the sleeve hub of the spur gear 218 to turn therewith, and is held in adjusted position lengthwise of the hub between two nuts screw-threaded onto the hub.

The mechanism through which the movable support 30 is oscillated about its pivot to impart the required feeding and relieving movements to the gear blank. as best shown in Figs. 4, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, comprises a feed shaft 324 which is connected to move the support 30by the engagement of a worm 326 on the shaft with a corresponding worm gear sector 328 on the support. Feeding movements are imparted to the work support through mechanism which is ar- 5 ranged to rotate the feed shaft, and relieving movements are imparted thereto by mechanism which is arranged to reciprocate the feed shaft lengthwise along its axis in timed relation to each cutter stroke. To impart the required feeding movements to the work by the rotation of the feed shaft 324, a sleeve 330 is keyed to turn with the shaft, being journaled in an external bearing 332 against lengthwise movement therewith. A gear 334 is loosely mounted to turn on the sleeve 330, and is normally connected to turn therewith by the engagement of a clutch member 336 keyed to slide on the sleeve with a corresponding clutch surface formed on the hub of the gear 334.

For operating the feed to move the work blank into and out of operative position by hand, a short shaft 338 is provided (see Fig. 14) which carries at one end a bevel gear 340 arranged to mesh with a corresponding bevel gear 342 on the sleeve 330, and at its other end is shaped to receive a manually operable crank handle. The engaging surfaces of the clutch member 336 and the gear 334 are constructed with a single large tooth and a corresponding recess to permit these parts to mesh in only one angular position of the clutch member relatively to the gear 334, so that if the operator has occasion to move the work spindle manually away from the cutter, the work can be brought back quickly and accurately to its former position without disturbing the setting of the automatic feed.

To enable the operator readily to control the operation of the clutch, a shifting yoke 344 (see Fig. 13) carrying shoes to engage with a corresponding groove in the clutch member 336 is 0 secured to a rock shaft 346 which extends forwardly through the outer casing of the machine and is provided with a manual control lever 348.

The gear 334 is actuated to automatically feed the work through connections which comprise a gear 350 meshing therewith and secured to a subsidiary feed shaft 352. A sleeve 354 loosely mounted to turn on the shaft 352 and normally connected thereto by means of a fine toothed clutch member 356, carries a pinion 358 which engages with a rack 366 formed on the vertically movable feed bar 362 (see Fig. 20), and also carries the stop dials for determining the depth of the preliminary and final cuts. The movement of the feed bar 362 to feed the work into depth is controlled by means of a piston 364 secured to the lower end of the bar and arranged to slide in a pressure cylinder 366 to which liquid under pressure is supplied to advance the bar and move the work into depth at any desired rate. The bar 362 is normally held in a depressed position by means of a compression spring 368 coiled about the upper end of the bar and seated at one end against a shoulder 310 on the bar, and at its other end against the end of the casing 312 within which 6 the upper end of the bar and the spring are housed. The position of the fine toothed clutch 356 to maintain a driving connection between the sleeve 254 and the shaft 352, is controlled by means of a spindle 314 which is journaled within 7 the shaft 352 and is provided with a cross bar 316 extending through corresponding slots in the shaft 352 and having its ends secured to the fine toothed clutch 356. A nut 318 threaded to the end of the sleeve 354 engages with a flange 380 on the pro- 7 prior application, is rigidly secured to the sleeve 354 and is provided with an abutment 384 as in the machine of the application, arranged to engage with a micrometer stop pin 386 on the machine frame similar to that shown in the applicants 'copending application above referred to, to positively arrest the rotational feeding movements of the sleeve 354 and shaft 352 under the influence of the feed bar 362.

In order to enable the operator rapidly and certainly to set the dial mechanism for the required depth of cut, a second dial 388 similar to the corresponding dial of the machine of applicants prior application, is loosely mounted on the sleeve 354 adjacent the dial 382, and is provided with an abutment 398 which is arranged to engage with a corresponding stop 392 on the machine frame. In setting up the machine the dial 388 is positioned relatively to the dial 382 to cause the abutment 398 to engage with the stop 392 when the sleeve 354 has been set back a distance exactly equal to the depth of cut required.

Corresponding markings on the dials 382 and 388 enable the operator quickly and easily to make proper settings. To provide for a choice of either one or two preliminary cuts around the work blank, two additional dials 394 similar to the corresponding dials of the machine of applicants prior application, are loosely mounted on the sleeve 354 adjacent the dial 388, and are provided with abutments to engage the end of a short swinging arm 395 pivotally secured to a preliminary stop lever 396 and normally held in a limiting straight position in line with the stop lever 396 by means of a spring 391. In order to lock the dial 388 and the two dials 394 in their adjusted positions on the sleeve 354 with relation to the fixed dial 382, the dials are provided with serrated faces, and are clamped securely together and to thedial 382 by means of a nut 398 screw-threaded to the sleeve.

. In setting up the machine, the sleeve 354 and dial 382 are rotated to bring the abutment 384 up to rest against the micrometer stop pin 386 when the micrometer stop dial indicated at 399 on the drawings reads zero.

The clamping nut 398 is then loosened and the pitch dial 388 is disengaged from stop dial 382 and rotated to bring the desired pitch mark thereon into registration with the fixed stop 392.- Should it be required to take either one or two roughingcuts in the gear blank, the dials 394 are so adjusted to the left of stop 395 that their corresponding abutments or lugs will consecutively interrupt the complete feeding movement of the mechanism in whatever proportions desired.

After the dials have been properly arranged they are clamped together through their interrelating serrated faces by the knurled nut 398 and rotated backward until abutment 398 on dial 388 rests on stop 392. V

Getting the gear blank into proper position with reference to the cutter is accomplished by disengaging the clutch member 338 by raising the lever 348 and rotating the squared shaft 338 until the clutch 338 can be re-engaged at a time when the gear blank is in the nearest proximity to the cutter that the wide tooth of clutch 336 will permit. After re-engaging the clutch 336 by lowering and securing the lever 348, the knurled nut 318 is loosened thereby disengaging the fine toothed clutch 356, and the squared end of shaft 314 is rotated until the gear blank is brought into grazing contact with the cutter. The knurled nut 318 is then tightened, thereby re-engaging fine toothed clutch 356. These adjustments are made when the cutter is in its downward stroke, or in other words, when the work is in the cutting position and not in the relief position.

Subsequent fine adjustments for depth of out, as for instance between sharpenings of the cutter, are accomplished by adjusting the micrometer dial 399.

In 'order to impart the required relieving movements to the work support and gear blank during each retracting stroke of the cutter, mechanism is provided for imparting lengthwise movements 7 to the feed shaft 324 in timed relation to the vertical reciprocation of the cutter. This mechanism (see Figs. 2, 12, 15, 16 and 17) comprises a sleeve 488 loosely mounted to turn on the feed shaft 324, and secured to move lengthwise therewith by means of end thrust bearings on the shaft. The outer surface of the sleeve is screwthreaded to engage with a nut 482 which is fixed in the machine frame, so that rotational movements imparted to the sleeve 488 cause a corresponding lengthwise movement to be given to the sleeve and the feed shaft 324. These rotational movements are imparted to the sleeve 488 by the engagement of a pinion 484 on the sleeve with a rack 486 which is pivoted at one end to a slide 488, and is held inposition for engagement with the pinion by means of a roll 8 engaging the opposite side of the rack bar. In order to permit a ready adjustment of this roll towards and away from the pinion 484 to hold the rack 488 tightly in engagement therewith, the roll H8 is mounted on an eccentric bearing formed on a shaft 4H journaled in the machine frame and provided with a worm gear arranged to mesh with a corresponding worm 4l2-on a short shaft 4|3 set at right angles thereto. This shaft extends through the machine frame and is provided at its outer end with a key hole arranged to re ceive a wrench for adjusting the roll 4) by rotating the shaft M3. The slide 488 is mounted r for lengthwise movement in a slideway 4M, and is provided with an arm 4 I 5 carrying a roll which engages with a cam groove 6 formed in one face of the flywheel 86, so that a reciprocatory movement is imparted to the rack 488 and 'to the sleeve 488 in timed relation to the reciprocation of the cutter.

For controlling the operation of the machine to cause a resumption of the, feeding operation after the completion of each preliminary out, and to automatically stop the machine after the completion of the final cut, a valve plunger is provided which is actuated by timing mechanism similar to that disclosed in the applicants co- -pending application hereinbefore referred to.

ment of the stop pin 386 with the abutment 384 as the work is fed into depth, and acts after a complete revolution of the work blank to operate the valve plunger, and, through hydraulic connections hereinafter described, to bring about the required changes in the operative conditions of the machine.

The timing mechanism comprises a rotatable timing cam 4H (see Figs. 3, 5, 9 and 20) which is mounted on the upper end of a vertical shaft or spindle 4|8 journaled in a bracket 419 which is secured by screws 428 to the open end of a cylinder 422. A piston 424 arranged to slide within the cylinder, is mounted on the reduced lower end of the spindle M8, and is secured thereto by means of a nut 42%. The cam 4H is rotated, when rendered operative, in timed relation to the rotation of the gear blank through connections including a gear 428 which is secured to the upper portion of the vertical drive shaft 214 (see Figs. 3, 5 and 9), and engages with a gear 430 formed on a sleeve 432 which is journaled in a bearing 434 concentrically with the axis of the cam 4| 1. A flange 43$ threaded to the upper end of the sleeve prevents endwise movement of the sleeve 432 and gear 430 in the bearing. Corresponding friction clutch surfaces 438 are formed on theadjacent face surfaces of the gear 43!] and the cam 4H, so that the cam 41! may be clutched to turn with the gear 430. A compression spring 44!) mounted in a sleeve or tube 442 journaled within the sleeve 432 is arranged to hear at its upper end against an adjusting screw 444, and

at its lower end against the cam 4|! to maintain the cam and spindle 4I8 normally in their retracted position. The spindle M8 and cam 4" are raised against the pressure of the spring 449 to engage the clutch members by introducing liquid into the lower end of the cylinder 422 under sufiicient pressure to overcome the force of the spring 440. The hydraulic connections, as will be hereinafter more fully explained, are arranged so that when the upward movement of the bar 396 which actuates the feed sleeve 292 is arrested, the resulting increase of pressure throughout the system increases the upward pressure exerted on the piston 424 sufficiently to overcome the pressure of the spring 440, and raises the spindle 418 and timing cam 4|! to engage the clutch members 438, and thus to throw the timing cam into operation.

The timing cam 4|! is turned to and held in its rest or starting position, with. a raised portion of the cam in engagement with a stop or abutment 446 on the frame, by means of a cord 448, which is wrapped about, and is secured at one end to a pulley 450 formed adjacent the under face of the cam on the spindle M8, the free end of the cord being laid over a pulley 452 at the rear of the machine, and being connected to a tensionspring 454 which is fastened to the machine frame. The periphery of the timing cam 4II is provided with two raised cam portions 456 and 458 placed parallel to each other and occupying the same segment of the cam, these raised portions being arranged to engage alternately with the springpressed valve plunger generally indicated at 464. The raised cam portion 458 occupying the lower position has a constant radius and extends around the periphery of the cam through an angle corresponding exactly to the movement of the cam while the gear blank is rotating through 360, so that during this time the valve is held in its retracted or closed position. The upper raised cam portion 455 occupying a position parallel to that of the raised cam 458 has a radius which is at one end of the cam equal to that of the raised cam 458, but gradually decreases in radius until at the other end of the cam 45% the radius is equal to that of the low portion of the cam.

With this arrangement of the parts, it will be seen that when the cam 4H and spindle 4I8 are raised into operative position, the spring-pressed valve plunger 46!! will be held in its depressed or closed position at one end of the raised cam .55 458, and will be held in this position during a rotary movement of the cam 4i? corresponding to av 360 rotation of the gear blank when the plunger will drop off the high portion of the cam, thus opening the valve to render operative the m connections for causing a resumption of the feeding operation or the stopping of the machine.

As the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 422 is reduced to its previous level by the resumption of the feeding movement of the bar 362, or is I5 released entirely by the stopping of the machine at the end of the cutting operation, the piston 424 and cam 4 l i will be retracted under the pressure of the spring 44!! to disengage the clutch members 438 and allow the cam 45? to returnto 20; its rest position under the influence of the cord 448 and spring 454. The downward movement of the cam 4!? to disengage the clutch 438 causes the valve plunger 45E! to be brought into engagement with and ride outwardly on the spiral 25 cam surface 456 as the cam is rotated in a reverse direction to return the plunger 469 to its original retracted position on the high portion of the cam, and close the valve.

The Valve plunger 46%! is mounted to slide in 80 a valve chamber 482 formed in a fixed portion of the machine frame, and is provided with a reduced portion which is fitted to slide in a corresponding recess in the rear end of the chamber.

A compression spring 484 coiled about the re- 35 duced portion of the plunger between the end of the chamber and a shoulder on the plunger, tends to hold the plunger in engagement with the cam disk 4 l I. Liquid under pressure is conveyed to an inlet port 485 at the inner end of the inlet pipe 40 488 from the pump 439 located in the base of the machine. A channel 490 in the valve member 4%!) is arranged, when the plunger is advanced,

to permit liquid under pressure to flow through the outlet pipe line 492 to a pressure cylinder 4'5 494 to actuate the preliminary stop lever 39% and permit the continued feeding of the work. When the valve plunger isin its retracted or closed position, the inlet port is shut off, and the liquid under pressure in the outlet pipe 492 is permitted to escape through a circular channel 496 in the valve member through an outlet pipe 498 into the sump in the base of the machine.

' The connections for actuating the auxiliary stop lever 396 from the pressure cylinder 494,55 comprises a piston 5% arranged to slide in the pressure cylinder 494, and provided with a stern which is connected through a link 552 to one end of a lever 504 pivoted intermediate its length, and at its other end connected to the rear end of the auxiliary stop lever 396.

The operation of the valve plunger 4% under the influence of the timing cam after the cutting operation has progressed through 360 about the gear blank in making the final out, is utilized to stop the machine through connections which include a pressure cylinder 595 and piston 506 and which are arranged, when rendered operative, to cause the starting and stopping valve of the ma chine to be moved into stopped position. As best shown in Figs. 20, 21 and 23, the piston 50B is provided with a stem 5 3'! having an inclined cam surface arranged to engage with a corresponding cam formed in a detent pin 508 arranged to engage with a slot 589 in the starting and stopping 'm with the detent pin 568.

valve plunger 546. To maintain the plunger 546 in its open position, a compression spring 5!!! coiled about the detent pin 508 tends normally to hold the pin in engagement with the slot. A compression spring 51 I coiled about the stem 58'! of, the piston 565, tends normally to hold the piston in its retracted position out of contact When liquid under pressure is forced into the pressure cylinder 585, the piston 566 is caused to advance against the pressure of its spring 51 i to withdraw the detent pin 508 and permit the starting and stopping Valve to move to its off position. A manually operable lever 5|2 pivotally mounted on the machine and provided with a short arm 5| 3, engages with a corresponding notch in the detent pin, so that the detent pin may be readily removed by the operator independent of the automatic mechanism above described to permit the starting and stopping valve to move to its stopped position. The pressure cylinder 505 is connected by a branch pipe line 5M and a machine controlled valve 5i5 to the pressure line 492 leading from the timing valve 469. The machine controlled valve 5l5 is 1 arranged to slide in a valve'casing 5l6, and is provided with an upwardly extending stem connected to one end of a stop lever 5|? pivoted at 518 and provided at its other end with a bearing surface arranged to engage with the periphery of the dial 382. As the Work is fed into depth, the stop lever 5 l l is rotated about its pivot against the pressure of a tension spring 519 attached thereto by engagement with the abutment 334 to open the valve 5i5, permitting liquid under pressuresupplied to the pipe line 492 by the timing valve to flow through the branch pipe line 5|4 to the pressure cylinder 565 to throw the starting and stopping valve into stopped position as above described. When the stopping valve 5I-5 is in its depressed or closed position during the normal operation of the machine, the liquid under pressure supplied to the pressure cylinder 565, is permitted to escape through a port 520 in the stop valve 5l5 to an outlet pipe 522 leading to the sump.

The liquid pressure control system herein disclosed for controlling the starting and stopping of the machine and for feeding the work into depth, utilizes as the hydraulic medium lubricating oil which is drawn from the main lubricating oil supply reservoir or sump. The oil is supplied to both the liquid pressure control system and to the lubricating system of the machine by means of the pump 489 which is driven through a sprocket chain 528 arranged to mesh with a sprocket 536 formed on the sleeve carrying the main driving pulley, and with a sprocket 532 on the driving spindle of the pump 489. The oil is forced fromthe pump 489 through a main supply pipe 534 which leads to the valve casing 536 which houses the valves for starting and stopping the machine and for manually controlling the operation of the feed, and through the branch inlet pipe 488 to the timing valve 466. There is also a pipe connection 538 leading fromv the casing 536 to the sump, a third pipe connection 539 for supplying liquid under pressure to the pressure cylinder for controlling the operation of the feed and to the pressure cylinder 422 for operating the timing mechanism. A fourth pipe connection 548 conveys liquid under pressure from the valve casing 536 to the pressure cylinders 12 and I86 for controlling respectively the operation of the starting clutch and the brake. Oil is supplied to the lubricating system of the machine through a pipe line indicated at'54l which is connected through a supply control valve 542 to the main pipe line 534, and is further provided with a relief valve 543 to permit the discharge of excess oil from the lubricating system back to the sump.

As shown in Figs. 20 to 33 inclusive, the valve casing 536 is cylindrical in shape, and is provided with a central bore 544 which is connected to the inlet or supply pipe 534, and is also provided with three recesses or bores parallel thereto for receiving respectively the main control valve 546 for controlling the automatic operation of the machine, the manually controlled feed valve 548, and the jog clutch valve 550. These valves are constructed and arranged to operate in connection with corresponding ports formed in the valve casing 536 to conduct the fluid under pressure from the central bore or inlet 544 to the pressure pipe lines 539 and 540 for controlling the starting and stopping of the machine and the feeding of the work into depth. With the valves in their off or advanced positions, as shown in Figs. 22, 23 and 24, the inlet is shut oil, and. the fluid under pressure in the pressure pipe lines 539 and 540 is permitted to escape through the valve 9 ports and connecting ducts into the outlet pipe 538 leading to the sump. Compression springs 552 seated behind the valves in the casing tend to hold the valves normally in their advanced or off positions. The control valve 546 is locked in operating position against the pressure of its spring 552 when pushed in by the operator to start the machine, by means of the detent pin 508 as above described. The feed valve 548 is similarly locked in operating position against the pressure of its spring 552 by means of a latch member 553 (see Figs. 21 and 24) which is pivotally mounted on the valve casing, and is held in engagement with a corresponding notch 555 in the feed plunger by means of a small compression spring.

The liquid under pressure is permitted to flow from the inlet passageway or bore 544 to the pipe line 539 for the feed, upon opening the main control valve 546, through a duct designated at 554 shown in Figs. 24 and 26 flowing from the central bore 544 through an annular groove or channel 556 in the main valve, past a needle valve 558, and through an annular groove or channel 560 in the feed valve 548 to the pipe line 539 for the feed. A second duct 562 adjacent'the feed duct 554 as best shown in Figs. 23, 24 and 27, leads directly from the central inlet or bore 544 to the feed valve 548, and thence to the feed pipe line valve in closed position, but is opened uponmovement of the feed valve inwardly by bringing the annular groove 560 into alinement with the inlet and outlet portions of the duct to provide a direct feed control for the machine. For the rest position of the machine with both the automatic and feed valves in advanced or closed positions, the liquid under pressure is permitted to drain from the feed line 539 back to the sump through a series of ducts and passageways (see Figs. 22,

23, 24 and 28) which comprise a channel 564 out in the upper surface of the feed valve 548, which connects the outlet to the pipe line 546 with a second duct 565 which passes in a clockwise direction as best shown in Fig. 28 of the drawings,

rear end of the valve casing, and extending as shown in Fig. 32 in a counter-clockwise direction past an annular groove 512 in the jog clutch valve 556 to the outlet pipe 538 leading to the sump. The movement of the main control valve 546 to open the duct 554, acts simultaneously to close the duct 564 by moving the open end of the channel 568 out of line with this duct. The movement of the feed valve 548 to open the duct 562 similarly acts to cut off the outlet from the feed pipe line 539 to the sump by moving the channel 564 out of register with the end of this duct 562.

Liquid is permitted to flow under pressure from the inlet bore 544 to the pipe line 546 for closing the starting clutch and releasing the brake, upon opening the main control valve 546, through a duct 514 as shown in Figs. 22, 24 and 29, which leads from the central bore 544 past an annular groove or channel 516 in the main control valve 546 for the open position of the valve past an annular groove 518 in the jog clutch valve through the outlet to the pipe line 546. Liquid under pressure may be supplied to operate the starting clutch and to release the brake by actuation of the jog clutch valve 556 which brings the annular groove 51.8 into register with a duct 586, as best shown in Figs. 22 and 30, leading directly from the central inlet bore 544 to the jog clutch valve 556 and to the pipe line 546 for controlling the clutch and the brake. While the main valve 546 and the jog clutch valve 556 are in advanced or closed position, the liquid under pressure is permitted to drain from the pipe line 546 to permit the release of the clutch and the setting of the brake through a series of connecting passageways which comprise a channel 582 out in the upper surface of the jog clutch valve to connect the pipe line 546 with a duct 584 shown in Figs. 22, 23, 24 and 31, which progresses in a counterclockwise direction past an annular groove 586 in the feed valve to an entering port 588 in the main valve 546 connecting with the channel 568 which as above described connects through the duct 516 to the outlet pipe 538 and the sump. The movement of the main valve 546 into operative position to start the machine automatically shuts off the outlet to the sump by moving the entering port 588 out of alinement with the duct 584. Similarly, the actuation of the jog clutch valve 556 operates to shut off the outlet to the sump by moving the channel 582 out of alinement with the duct 586.

In order to regulate the rate of feed of a work support and gear blank towards the cutter during the automatic operation of the machine, an automatic feed regulating needle valve 558 as above pointed out, is located in the duct 554 to enable the operator accurately and certainly to control the rate at which liquid under pressure is fed into the feed pressure cylinder 366. This valve shown in Fig. 25, comprises a member 596 having a tapered tip arranged to seat in a corresponding valve seat 592, and is mounted in a sleeve 594 which is screw-threaded in the valve casing 536 to permit a fine regulation of the valve. A manually operable lever arm 686 secured to the sleeve 594 carries at its outer end a spring-pressed detent pin 662 which is arranged to fit in any one of a series of recesses 664 on the machine frame, so that the lever arm and sleeve 594 may be readily rotated and locked in the desired angular position.

With the present construction, the valve member 596 is mounted for a slight endwise movement in the sleeve 594, being normally held in its advanced position with a shoulder 596 in engagement with a corresponding shoulder on the sleeve by means of the compression spring 598 which bears at one end against the shoulder 596 and at its other end against an adjusting screw 591 threaded into the end of the sleeve 594. During the operation of the feeding mechanism to feed the work towards the cutter, as above described, the valve member 596 is maintained in its advanced position by the spring 598 as determined by the adjustment of the sleeve 594 to feed the work at the desired rate. When the feeding movement is arrested by the engagement of one of the stop dials with its corresponding abutment, the consequent increase of pressure in the system causes the valve member to be retracted against the pressure of its spring 598 to permit a more rapid flow of liquid through the valve, so that liquid is supplied at a comparatively rapid rate to the pressure cylinder 422 and piston 424 to move the timing mechanism into operation. The reduction in the pressure of the system which takes place as the feeding movement of the feed bar 362 is again resumed after the actuation of the preliminary stop lever 396, permits the feed regulating valve member 596 to be again advanced under the pressure of the spring to its normal operating position to control the rate of feed. This construction of the regulating feed valve, by permitting an increased flow of liquid through the system during the operation of the timing mechanism, results in a considerable saving in the time required to bring the timing mechanism into operation.

Inasmuch as it may be desirable under some circumstances, as for instance, where the cutting of the gear has/been partially completed and has then been backed off from the cutter, to feed the Work back into operative position as rapidly as possible, a manually controlled trip mechanism is provided in the present construction, which may be operated to move the preliminary stop lever 396 out of operative position to prevent the interruption of the feed, and thus to prevent the timing mechanism from being thrown into operation while the work is being brought back into position. This trip mechanism comprises a valve 668 which is arranged to slide in a valve casing H6, and is provided with an annular groove 612 arranged for one position of the valve to form a continuous passage for the pipe line 492 and for the other position of the valve to connect the lower portion of the pipe line 492 directly with an inlet 6I4 from the main supply line 488 from the 9 pump, while at the same time cutting oil that portion of the line 492 leading from the timing valve 466. When the trip valve 668 is pushed inwardly or to the right as shown in Fig. 20, oil under pressure is supplied directly from the pressure line 488, and causes the piston 566 to be depressed to move and hold the preliminary stop lever 396 out of the line of travel of the stops on the preliminary stop dials 394, so that the work may be rapidly moved back into the desired operative position.

The operation of the machine has been indicated in connection with the description of the construction and arrangement of its parts, and will be readily understood without a separate description thereof.

The nature and scope of the invention having been. indicated and a machine embodying the several features of the invention having been specifically described, what is claimed is:

1. A gear generating machine having, in com- 

